Key words: statistical physics, theory of non-ideal systems, local fluctuations, critical and supercritical states of fluid
The equations for large-scale local fluctuations in fluids — from ideal gas to non-compressible liquids, including near-critical and supercritical (SC) states — are obtained from the first principles. The contemporary notions concerning the critical state are verified and described substantially more accurately. It is demonstrated that in compressible fluids the local density fluctuation is accompanied by non-thermodynamic fluctuations of collective velocity and fluid temperature. The features of the development of such fluctuations near the critical point determine a distinctive behavior of the fluid in critical and SC states.
doi:10.1134/S1990793111070128