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2009, №4

сс. 3-60

Reviews

Key words: real-gases, diesel engine, computational fluid dynamics

The objective of the research outlined in this  paper was to develop the analytical
approximations for calculating real-gas  properties (pvT data, thermodynamic
functions: internal energy, enthalpy, and  entropy, and specific heats) of vapor-phase n-alkanes from C1 (methane) to C14 (normal  tetradecane), O2, N2, H2O, CO, CO2 and H2 within the range of pressure 0.05  ≤  p ≤ 20  MPa and temperature 280 ≤ T
3000 K aimed for implementation into  computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-codes
simulating the operation process in modern  Diesel engines. The analytical approximations

have been developed based on available  literature data and on the new equation
of state for moderately dense gases. The  approximations reported are rather simple
and therefore can be used directly in CFD  codes. Approximations for mixing rules are
also provided.

doi:

2009, №4

сс. 61-72

Articles

Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography of Furocoumarines from Ammil Majus

O.I. Pokrovskiy, A.A. Markolia, F.D. Lepeshkin, I.V. Kuvykin, O.O. Parenago, S.A. Gonchukov.

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Key words: supercritical fluid extraction, supercritical fluid chromatography, Ammi Majus, bergapten, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin

A method of supercritical fluid extraction of furocoumarin components from the seeds of apiaceous plant Ammi Majus is developed. Linear furocoumarins from Ammi Majus: bergapten, xanthotoxin and isopimpinellin — are used as photosensitizers in PUVA-therapy — photochemotherapy of various skin deseases. A method for chromatographic detection and separation of these furocoumarins using supercritical fluid chromatography is established.

doi:

2009, №4

сс. 73-96

Articles

Key words: supercritical fluids, isopropanol, metal oxides, nanoparticles, single crystals

Preparative methods for reduction of simple and complex metal oxides with supercritical isopropanol (SCI) and laboratory procedures for efficient handling SCI are developed. The optimum reaction conditions (temperature, pressure) and SCI-to-oxide ratios are determined. Dispersed oxides covered by thin films of highly dispersed metals are obtained. Such systems are prospective catalytic materials. Simple method for manufacturing metal nanoparticles by in situ SCI reduction of nanosized metal oxides stabilized in polyethylene and synthetic SiO2 (opal) matrixes are developed.

doi:

2009, №4

сс. 97-103

Articles

Key words: supercritical water, tetralones, naphthols, dehydrogenation

The reactivity of several 1- and 2-tetralones in subcritical and supercritical water (T = 400 °C, p = 0.2 g/cm3) is studied. Tetralones as well as tetralin are shown to undergo dehydrogenation that leads to corresponding naphthols and naphthalene, respectively.

doi:

2009, №4

сс. 104-104

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